With the current interest in cultured meat, mammalian cell-based meat
has mostly been unstructured. There is thus still a high demand for
artificial steak-like meat. We demonstrate in vitro construction of
engineered steak-like tissue assembled of three types of bovine cell
fibers (muscle, fat, and vessel). Because actual meat is an aligned
assembly of the fibers connected to the tendon for the actions of
contraction and relaxation, tendon-gel integrated bioprinting was
developed to construct …
